Eutrichophilus cordiceps Mjöberg, 1910 (Ischnocera: Trichodectidae) in Spiny Tree Porcupines (Coendou villosus): New locality records and the first molecular evidence of association with Bartonella sp.

The chewing louse genus Eutrichophilus Mjöberg has 19 species only associated with porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae). Of these species, E. cercolabes, E. cordiceps, E. emersoni, E. minor, E. moojeni, and E. paraguayensis have been recorded in Brazil. In the present study, we report E. cordiceps for the first time in the São Paulo State (Bauru Municipality) and for the second time in the Santa Catarina State (Lages Municipality), providing scanning electron images and light microscopy for the eggs, as well as the first molecular data (18S rRNA) for the genus. Additionally, Bartonella sp. was detected for the first time in this chewing lice species.

Histopathologic and immunophenotypic profile of a spontaneous mammary carcinoma in a male Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons).

A 20-year-old male captive Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons) that died accidentally had a small non-ulcerative mammary nodule diagnosed as a mammary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that neoplastic cells were positive for pan-cytokeratin and cytokeratin-7. Approximately 20% of neoplastic cells were positive for Ki-67. Neoplastic cells expressed estrogen and progesterone receptors.

Epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of lethal acanthocephalosis in captive neotropical primates.

BACKGROUND: Acanthocephalosis is an important cause of death in captive New World primates (NWP). Once established in a colony, it is extremely difficult to treat and control, quickly spreading among NWP with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to characterize the disease associated with infection with acanthocephalans according to its epidemiological, clinical, and anatomopathological aspects in a captive NWP population. METHODS: From 2010 to 2020, a Brazilian zoo had recurrent deaths of NWP associated to acanthocephalan parasitism. Clinical and pathological profiles of these animals were analyzed considering the host species, sex, age, weight, clinical signs, therapeutic protocols, and pathological findings. RESULTS: A total of 27 deaths associated with acanthocephalosis were recorded, all lethal cases affected tamarins and lion tamarins, corresponding to 67.5% of total deaths during the course of this study. Ten animals died with no previously detected clinical signs, whereas cases with noticeable clinical signs often had apathy and progressive weight loss, resulting in cachexia. Symptomatic NWP were treated with anthelmintic protocols, antibiotics, and support therapy. However, all hospitalized animals died and had grossly detectable adult acanthocephalans in the intestinal lumen that were identified as Prosthenorchis sp., which were associated with transmural and ulcerative enteritis. CONCLUSIONS: This report revealed the impact of acanthocephalosis in a naturally infected captive colony of NWP, particularly affecting tamarins (Saguinus spp.) and lion tamarins (Leontopithecus spp.), with failed treatment and control strategies.

Anatomy of the skull in the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) using radiography and 3D computed tomography.

The capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are the largest rodent found throughout South America and are present in almost all the Brazilian territory, however, still lack basic descriptions about the species, such as about their cranial anatomy. This study was carried out to investigate the anatomical features in the capybara skull. Eight skulls and two heads, without sexual distinction, were used for the osteological, radiographic and tomographic identification of their structures. The skull of the capybara could be divided into a neurocranium and a viscerocranium. The capybara had a more robust and rectangular skull, elongated face caudally, thinned in the nasal region and slightly convex in the parietal region. The zygomatic arch was expanded and wide, the orbit had a circular shape, the infraorbital foramen was well developed, external acoustic meatus and tympanic bulla were relatively small, and the paracondylar process was large. These anatomical characteristics are compatible with the eating habit and semi-aquatic life of capybaras, which can be compared with characteristics reported for animals of similar habits. The radiographic image allowed to identify structures such as the frontal sinus, whereas 3D tomographic reconstruction was essential to have a spatial view of the skull of the capybara.

Efeito da luz ultravioleta na eclodibilidade e viabilidade de pintos provenientes de ovos férteis sujos / Effect of ultraviolet light in hatchability and viability of chicks from dirty fertile eggs

Considerando a necessidade de se desenvolver estratégias para a incubação de ovos sujos e a demanda de se utilizar métodos renováveis de sanitização, a utilização da luz ultravioleta para desinfecção de ovos incubáveis sujos foi o objetivo desta pesquisa. Foram avaliados ovos sem desinfecção (C-), desinfetados com paraformaldeído (C+), e expostos a tempos diferentes de exposição ultravioleta: UV 3’30”, UV 4’30” e UV 5’30”. Os ovos C(+) e os expostos à UV por 3’30” e 5’30” tiveram uma redução significativa na quantidade de colônias na casca dos ovos em relação ao C(-), variando de 0.64 a 1 logUFC/g. Os tratamentos C(+), UV 3’30” e UV 5’30” foram aplicados para avaliação da incubabilidade dos ovos. A eclodibilidade do tratamento UV 3’30” (70,51%) foi superior ao UV 5’30” (51,16%) e similar ao C(+) (55,81%). Conclui-se que o tratamento UV 3’30” é eficaz na redução da contaminação microbiológica de ovos sujos e não afeta negativamente a eclodibilidade e a viabilidade dos pintinhos nascidos.

Considering the need to develop strategies for dirty eggs incubation and the demand to use renewable methods of sanitation, the use of ultraviolet light for disinfecting hatching dirty eggs was the objective of this research. Eggs not disinfected (C-), disinfected with paraformaldehyde (C+) and exposed to different times of UV radiation (UV 3’30”, UV 4’30” and UV 5’30”) were tested. The eggs C(+) and those exposed to UV for 3’30” and 5’30” presented a significant reduction on the number of colonies of eggshells comparing to C(-), with a 0.64 to 1 logUFC/g variation. The treatments C(+), UV 3’30” and UV 5’30” were applied in an incubation phase. The hatchability of treatment UV 3’30” (70,51%) was superior to UV 5’30” (51,16%) and alike C(+) (55,81%). In conclusion, the treatment UV 3’30” is effective in reducing microbiologic contamination of dirty eggs and do not affect negatively hatchability and quality of chicks.

Cutaneous myxoma in a pintagol (Sporagra magellanica X Serinus canaria) / Mixoma cutâneo em um pintagol

Myxomas are benign mesenchymal tumors rarely described in birds. This report describes the clinical and pathological findings in a case of myxoma in a pintagol (Sporagra magellanicaX Serinus canaria). The animal had a nodule on the dorsal region of the third digit on the left hindlimb. Grossly, it was a 0.9×0.5×0.4cm, soft, white nodule, with black and yellow areas on the cut surface. Microscopically, a well-differentiated monomorphic population of spindle cells arranged in an abundant Alcian blue-positive myxoid matrix was observed. The diagnosis of myxoma was based on the microscopic findings

Mixomas são tumores mesenquimais benignos incomuns em aves. Este trabalho objetiva descrever os achados clínico-patológicos de um caso de mixoma em um pintagol. A ave apresentou aumento de volume na região dorsal do terceiro dígito do membro pélvico esquerdo. Macroscopicamente, notou-se um nódulo de 0,9x0,5x0,4cm, macio, esbranquiçado, com áreas amareladas e enegrecidas na superfície de corte. A histopatologia revelou população monomórfica de células fusiformes, com baixo pleomorfismo, arranjadas em meio à matriz mixóide positiva para a coloração de azul alciano. Com base nos achados histopatológicos, foi firmado o diagnóstico de mixoma